![]() We shall concentrate on laminar flow for the remainder of this section, leaving certain aspects of turbulence for later sections. The drag both between adjacent layers of fluid and between the fluid and its surroundings forms swirls and eddies, if the speed is great enough. First, any obstruction or sharp corner, such as in a faucet, creates turbulence by imparting velocities perpendicular to the flow. Streamlines are smooth and continuous when flow is laminar, but break up and mix when flow is turbulent. The lines that are shown in many illustrations are the paths followed by small volumes of fluids. ![]() When there is turbulence, the layers mix, and there are significant velocities in directions other than the overall direction of flow. Layers flow without mixing when flow is laminar. (credit: Creativity103)įigure 2 shows schematically how laminar and turbulent flow differ. If you watch the smoke (being careful not to breathe on it), you will notice that it rises more rapidly when flowing smoothly than after it becomes turbulent, implying that turbulence poses more resistance to flow. The smooth flow is called laminar flow, whereas the swirls and eddies typify turbulent flow. Smoke rises smoothly for a while and then begins to form swirls and eddies. Turbulent flow, or turbulence, is characterized by eddies and swirls that mix layers of fluid together. Laminarflow is characterized by the smooth flow of the fluid in layers that do not mix. Before we can define viscosity, then, we need to define laminar flow and turbulent flow. The precise definition of viscosity is based on laminar, or nonturbulent, flow. In this section, we will investigate what factors, including viscosity, affect the rate of fluid flow. In the previous sections we have considered ideal fluids with little or no viscosity. Juice has low viscosity, whereas syrup has high viscosity. We call this property of fluids viscosity. The difference is fluid friction, both within the fluid itself and between the fluid and its surroundings. But when you pour syrup on your pancakes, that liquid flows slowly and sticks to the pitcher. When you pour yourself a glass of juice, the liquid flows freely and quickly. Explain how pressure drops due to resistance. ![]() Calculate flow and resistance with Poiseuille’s law.Define laminar flow and turbulent flow.
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![]() Over-the-counter (OTC) heartburn treatment.Prevalence of gastro-esophageal reflux-type symptoms in individuals with irritable bowel syndrome in the community: A meta-analysis. Gastroesophageal reflux disease, functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome: Common overlapping gastrointestinal disorders. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our editorial policy. We link primary sources - including studies, scientific references, and statistics - within each article and also list them in the resources section at the bottom of our articles. Medical News Today has strict sourcing guidelines and draws only from peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. Learn more about treatment options for heartburn and diarrhea. lying down after the last meal of the day with the head elevated.avoiding restrictive or tight-fitting clothes.limiting caffeine intake from coffee, tea, energy drinks, and chocolate sources.eating frequent small meals instead of just a few larger meals.Some strategies that may help prevent both diarrhea and heartburn include: If a person experiences symptoms more often, they may try: There are also medications to treat symptoms as needed. The treatment a person will use will depend on the frequency and severity of the symptoms.Ī person may decide to wait it out for occasional heartburn or diarrhea. There are different treatments available for both diarrhea and heartburn. People with IBS are 4 times as likely to also live with GERD. If someone has one condition, they are more likely to have another. The microbiome includes the colonies of microorganisms that live throughout the digestive tract.Ībout 1 in 3 people live with some kind of functional gastrointestinal disorder. There may also be changes in the gut microbiome. The gut of a person with a functional gastrointestinal disorder is more sensitive to changes compared with those of other people. Instead, they involve alterations in how the brain and digestive system communicate. If testing does not find evidence of an abnormality, it is considered a functional disorder.įunctional gastrointestinal disorders are not caused by physical changes in the digestive tract. In some cases, an underlying acid reflux abnormality may cause it. Functional gastrointestinal disorders are chronic conditions affecting the digestive tract. IBS is considered a functional gastrointestinal disorder. The role of diet in the development and management of gastroesophageal reflux disease: Why we feel the burn.Share on Pinterest Carmen Jiménez/EyeEm/Getty Images Heart attack symptoms, risk, and recovery.Association between anxiety and depression and gastroesophageal reflux disease: Results from a large cross-sectional study. It adjusts the speed curve or allows full automation on the fan speed when it’s needed. However, most BIOS supports fan speed adjustment. A large number of manufacturers offer a wide range of products to accomplish this.Īs long as you are planning to set up the fans and forget about them, simply connecting them to the pin header on the motherboard will do the job. There are several ways to control fan speeds. Here is a table that includes fan size and mounting size: Fan Cage Size Because any fan size mismatch causes your system to overheat and accumulate additional dust. It is quite important to choose the perfect fan size for any system. Choose the Perfect Fan SIzes for Your Computer Not all cases have the option to mount fans at the top, so getting a case with the feature is an extra addition to cooling. In some cases, extra fans on the upper rear of the case help the CPU cool more efficiently. Try to pick the larger type of fans because they will provide you with a quieter system down to the road. So having three fans is a minimum for full tower cases, and I recommend it as well. You can add more fans to the system as it has that space to fit in. If you have a larger full tower case, using three intake fans in the front and one big exhaust fan on the back side is a good starting point. You should install two to three intake fans on the front side and one exhaust fan for mid-tower cases. The size of your computer determines how many fans you are able to install. So, let’s get started by getting the latest Fix Oculus Quest 2 not Detected to PC. If the noise persists, replace the faulty fans. In case there is any fan that is causing noise, try disconnecting and cleaning it. Note down the number of intake and exhaust fans. Configure Your PC Fansįirst of all, take a look at the fans that your system currently has. Here are the methods to optimize the PC airflow: 1. There are some simple steps that you can take to optimize the airflow system of your computer. How to Optimize the PC AirflowĪirflow optimization depends on various factors such as fan configuration, fan speed control, air filters, less hindrance of airflow, etc. That leads to a very minimum chance of stagnant air moving around the system, and your system will have an optimal temperature. This is the best option that keeps the system both cool and clean.Īs you have already known that a positive airflow configuration has better air filtration, you can add a standard filter to achieve a more dust-free environment.Īs long as the airflow is balanced, plenty of air will flow in and out easily. Equal Air PressureĮqual air pressure is the balance between positive and negative air pressure. Your computer case can’t have too many unfiltered intake areas.Īrguably, your system will remain clean for a longer period of time when the conditions above are present.įollow our guide on how to Set Fan Curve on PC.The filter has to have the proper cross-flow rate.The filter must have the accurate size of pore and density.You must have a large intake area that is filtered.Here are the criteria to achieve this dust-free configuration: However, in some uncommon situations, negative air pressure configuration doesn’t draw much dust into the system. Though it is an effective system cooling option, it can often pull more dust into your system.Īdding filters is also more difficult for the intake areas as air may be drawn in where there is no place to add filters. This configuration includes a higher exhaust airflow rate than the intake fans. Negative air pressure means the exhaust airflow is more prominent than the intake airflow. This stagnant air can get hot from the internal components and end up raising the temperature of the system. If you blow too much air inside the case with little exhaust airflow, you can find yourself in a place where the air gets stuck inside the case. ![]() ![]() Intake fans have a higher airflow rate compared to exhaust fans.Įven though having a positive air pressure inside the case is a good thing, excessive airflow isn’t good either. Positive air pressure means the intake airflow is more significant than the exhaust airflow. ImageĬheck our exclusive tutorial on Fix: PC won’t go to sleep mode in Windows 11. So it draws air from the outside and blows it inside. Intake Fan: This fan has the blowing side facing toward the case.And it blows the air outside after drawing air from inside. Exhaust Fan: This fan has its blowing side mounted to the wall of the case.They are-įor better understanding, here are two types of fans that I will refer to: There are three ways to configure a PC’s airflow. To optimize the airflow, you need to understand the airflow configuration. Keeping the system cool and optimal is the most crucial job for a user. Test the Airflow in Your Computer CaseĬonfiguring the airflow is more important than having a better specification of hardware. Choose the Perfect Fan SIzes for Your Computer. You can purchase them as an array (called a Darlington array) within a single integrated circuit (IC) package, or as a simple single discrete component. It is not recommended to use them in applications that require high frequency as it is not possible to shut the base current off immediately.What are the different types?Darlington pairs can consist of either NPN (negative-positive-negative) transistors, PNP (positive-negative-positive) transistors or both.Darlington pairs are typically supplied in one of two ways. The nominal current rating of each output is 500 mA for the 7- and 8-output devices and up to 1.5 A for quad-output devices. Darlington pairs are ideal for application in display drivers, audio outputs, power regulators, light sensors, touch sensors and power supply outputs. Darlington devices are high-voltage, high-current switch arrays containing multiple open-collector Darlington pairs or multiple Darlington transistors with common emitters, and integral suppression diodes for inductive loads. ![]() Working as two transistors within one package, Darlington pairs have a very compact footprint which takes up minimal space on a (PCB) printed circuit board.What applications would you use them in?With high current gain, Darlington transistors are well suited to power applications such as driving motors and relays. They also offer high input impedance in comparison to single transistors.Why should you use a Darlington pair?Darlington pairs provide a very high current gain. Darlington pairs work together as a single transistor but feature a much higher current gain. Buy BCV46,215 - Nexperia - Bipolar Transistor Array, Darlington, PNP, -60 V, 250 mW, -500 mA, 2000 hFE, SOT-23. Darlington pairs can also be operated as an ON/OFF switch. This means that the tiny current from a sensor or microcontroller I/O pin can be amplified to drive a large load. Also, the TD62006P Series transistor arrays are. ![]() Since these, ples 2.2 TD62006P Series ( TD62006P, TD62007P) The TD63006P Series NPN darlington transistor, load drives used in compact printers and relays. They are used to amplify weak signals from one circuit to another circuit or microprocessor. The ULN2001, ULN2002, ULN2003 and ULN 2004 are high-voltage, high-current Darlington arrays each containing seven open collector Darlington pairs with. This series is a cost-saving, com prising PNP transistor on the front, and PNP darlington buffer transistor on the rear. RS offer a wide range of high-quality Darlington Transistors from leading brands including ON Semiconductor, STMicroelectronics, Texas Instruments and Nexperia.How do they work?The emitter of one transistor is connected to the base of the other transistor which effectively creates one transistor. One of the transistors is high-gain while the other is high current. I am using through hole technology with my components, would using SMD reduce the overal cost of production, and could this be the reason PNP Transistor arrays are non existent (as the cost of soldering multiple SMD's becomes so low that arrays of components become pointless).Darlington Pairs Darlington pairs, also known as Darlington Transistors are discrete semiconductor devices consisting of a package of two standard BJT transistors (bipolar junction transistor). charges practicaly £1 per component, this just seems unjustifiable I am to atempt to make a profit on my device. ![]() so why is there no PNP Transistor Array to be found?Īm I getting it all wrong? Is there some other method people use to reduce the count/total cost of project? Reducing the component count is surely a common thing to be doing when designing a PCB for manufacture is it not? And PNP transistors are reasonably common components. I need it to drive a bunch of low power lamps, and having the transistors in an array reduces component count, thus reduces overal cost of my project as the manufacturer I was thinking of using charges per component soldered. I dont understand why I cant find this type of component, surely I am not the only person in the world with a requirement for one. We recommend wearing the earrings as close to the skin as possible after your ears are fully healed so that it doesn’t get caught on clothing, your hair, or on your hairbrush. Our earrings are made of solid 14K gold, so wearing them all the time and forgetting to take them off is part of the appeal since they won’t tarnish or fade when worn in the shower, in the sun, or during exercise. In fact, they’re so comfortable you should be able to sleep in them with no pain or discomfort, unless your ear is not fully healed from piercing. The studs in our collection are designed with flat earring backings and are intended to be worn flush in your ear or piercing for maximum comfort and held securely in place. We also carry 16G (1.2mm/0.047 inches) studs. We feel it’s a good compromise between the two sizes as it is safer. Once that happens, only surgery can repair the split piercing unfortunately.Īt Valensole Jewelry, we carry 19G (0.9mm/0.035 inches) studs, because it’s comfortably worn if you have a 20G piercing or an 18G piercing, as the difference in thickness is only about 0.1mm. Piercing studios prefer to use a minimum of 18G because the thicker post makes it less likely for the jewelry to be torn from your ear lobe, which reduces your chances of having a split earlobe or ripped earlobe (or other piercing location). If you were pierced at a piercing studio, chances are you were pierced with either an 18 gauge or 16 gauge thickness post, depending on the location of your piercing. ![]() 20 gauge is the most common thickness and is usually the gauge that was used if you were pierced with a piercing gun, usually at the mall. Jewellery Supplies Co does not accept refunds as a result of this.Earring gauges describe the thickness of the earring post. In purchasing our 304 or 316L findings, you are accepting that these metals are, by nature, susceptible to tarnishing over time. We have sold hundreds of thousands of 304 and 316L findings to happy customers and they are our top selling products. We also have 925 Sterling Silver options available, at a higher price point, if a highly corrosion resistant material is preferred. We do not recommend sealing findings with a varnish or lacquer. For example, a pair of earrings that I made 3 years ago with our jump rings still look good as new. Whilst this is the case, tarnishing can be prevented for a long period of time by avoiding contact with the above things as well as water, over-handling and keeping them out of direct sunlight.Ĭompared to other lesser grade metals such as brass, aluminium and alloy, the plating on 304 and 316L Surgical Stainless Steel metal will remain untarnished for a longer period of time. Even individual hormonal and pH differences can also affect the rate of tarnishing among different people, making it a complex and unpredictable process. Pollution, humidity and chemicals from household items like lotion, hair spray, cosmetics and perfume can cause jewellery to tarnish or corrode. ![]() The reality of jewellery is that it may inevitably tarnish over time. Our 316L earring posts and backs have a raw steel coloured finish, without shiny Rhodium vacuum plating. ![]() Our 316L findings with a description of silver, gold, rose gold, black or gunmetal in the title are vacuum plated in Rhodium to create a bright finish. Our 316L Surgical Stainless Steel findings are made of high grade 316L Surgical Stainless Steel metal that contains an additional ingredient to 304 stainless steel, making it even more resistant to corrosion. Our 304 earring posts and backs as well as findings described as steel in colour have a raw steel coloured finish, without shiny Rhodium vacuum plating. Our 304 findings with a description of silver, gold, rose gold or black in the title are vacuum plated in Rhodium to create a bright finish. Our 304 Surgical Stainless Steel findings are made of high grade 304 Surgical Stainless Steel metal. HAFS would not be possible without the speed and power of these new supercomputers, called the Weather and Climate Operational Supercomputing System 2 (WCOSS2). HAFS is also the first new major forecast model implementation using NOAA’s updated weather and climate supercomputers, which were installed last summer. Leveraging the FV3 in HAFS reduces overlapping efforts, making the NOAA modeling portfolio more consistent and efficient. The current standalone regional hurricane models, HWRF and HMON, each have their own starting point for modeling the atmosphere. Global Forecast System - it will have a unified starting point when initiated for hurricane prediction and will also integrate with ocean and wave models as underlying inputs. As HAFS uses the FV3 - the same dynamic core as the U.S. HAFS, the first regional coupled model to go into operations under the Unified Forecast System offsite link (UFS), was developed through community-based collaboration and the streamlining of the operational transition process. “HAFS is the result of strong collaborative efforts throughout the science community and marks significant progress in hurricane prediction.” ![]() “With the introduction of the HAFS forecast model into our suite of tropical forecasting tools, our forecasters are better equipped than ever to safeguard lives and property with enhanced accuracy and timely warnings,” said Ken Graham, director of NOAA’s National Weather Service. The foundational component is the moving nest, which allows the model to zoom in with a resolution of 1.2 miles on areas of a hurricane that are key to improving wind intensity and rain forecasts. HAFS provides more accurate, higher-resolution forecast information both over land and ocean and is comprised of five major components: a high-resolution moving nest high-resolution physics multi-scale data assimilation that allows for vortex initialization and vortex cycling 3-D ocean coupling and improved assimilation techniques that allow for the assimilation of novel observations. An objective of the NOAA Hurricane Forecast Improvement Program (HFIP) offsite link is, by 2027, to reduce all model forecast errors by nearly half compared to errors seen in 2017. Over the next four years, HAFS will undergo several major upgrades, ultimately leading to even more increased accuracy of forecasts, warnings and life-saving information. HAFS was the first model last year to accurately predict that Hurricane Ian would undergo secondary rapid intensification as the storm moved off the coast of Cuba and barreled toward southwest Florida. ![]() HAFS is as good as NOAA’s existing hurricane models when forecasting storm intensity - but is better at predicting rapid intensification. ![]() HAFS is expected to continue increasing forecast accuracy, therefore reducing storm impacts to lives and property. Running the experimental version of HAFS from 2019 to 2022 showed a 10-15% improvement in track predictions compared to NOAA’s existing hurricane models. “Development, testing and evaluations were jointly carried out between scientists at NOAA Research and the National Weather Service, marking a seamless transition from development to operations.” “The quick deployment of HAFS marks a milestone in NOAA’s commitment to advancing our hurricane forecasting capabilities, and ensuring continued improvement of services to the American public,” said NOAA Administrator Rick Spinrad, Ph.D. The Hurricane Analysis and Forecast System (HAFS) was put into operations on June 27 and will run alongside existing models for the 2023 season before replacing them as NOAA’s premier hurricane forecasting model. NOAA’s National Hurricane Center - a division of the National Weather Service - has a new model to help produce hurricane forecasts this season. ![]() 18 reported that the fiber content, fiber diameter, and fiber aspect ratio affected the shear strength of fiber-reinforced soil. 17 concluded that polypropylene fiber can increased the compression, strength, and ductility of clay-lime composites. 16 stated that the fiber strength governed by tensile strain domain and fiber orientation distribution.įor clayey soil, Abdi et al. 15 discovered that the porosity of fiber-reinforced sand increased in the fiber vicinity, which validated the assumption of stolen void ratio. 14 concluded that polyvinyl alcohol fiber can improved the shear strength and axial strain at failure of Babolsar sand, while decreased the strength loess after peak strength. 13 reported that inclusion of polypropylene fiber changed the dense sand stiffer than the unreinforced sand under cyclic loading. Sharma and Kumar 12 reported that the relative density remarkably affects the ultimate bearing capacity and settlement of fiber-reinforced sand, and the improvement effect reached maximum when relative density was 70%. 11 stated that the fiber type, fiber length, and specimen diameter determined the unconfined compression strength of fiber-reinforced sandy soil. A new sampling method for fiber-reinforced sand adopted vibration of moist sand/fiber mixtures was proposed and assessed. The fiber-reinforced method can significantly reduced the liquefaction potential of sand in compression and extension loadings. 8, 9, 10 concluded that the compaction energy of loose fiber-reinforced sand is less than denser unreinforced sand when the peak strength keeps constant. Fiber reinforcement (FR) method provides an idea to solve engineering problems, and the fibers limit deformation of soil particles through the tensile force and frictional force, resulting in excellent mechanical properties of reinforced soil 6, 7. However, the structural features of loess, such as porous, weakly cemented, and under compacted, lead to collapsibility, disintegration, and solubility, which pose a challenge to engineering construction 5. With the development of the "Belt and Road Initiative," modern transportation facilities represented by highways and high-speed railways have been built in large numbers 2, 3, 4. Loess is Quaternary sediment that is widespread in the northwest of China 1. The research results can offer a guideline for the application of BFR loess in the subgrade and slope engineering. ![]() The experimental and calculated results agreed well, which suggested the model is suitable for predicting the shear strength of BFR loess. The reinforcing mechanism of fibers was divided into a single tensile effect and spatial mesh effect. The optimum reinforcement condition for experimental loess was that of FL was 16 mm and FC was 0.8%. Compared to unreinforced soil, the peak strength of BFR loess improved 64.60% when FC was 0.2% and FL was 16 mm. ![]() The results showed that the peak strength of BFR soils enhanced as FL, FC, and σ 3 increasing, whereas it decreased with increasing of w. According to the results, the shear strength model was established taken into account the impacts of FL, FC, and fiber diameter ( d). To examine the shear strength of basalt fiber-reinforced (BFR) loess, consolidated undrained (CU) triaxial tests were conducted to explore the impacts of water content ( w), fiber length ( FL), fiber content ( FC) and cell pressure ( σ 3) on the shear strength. ![]() Loess owns the characteristics of collapsibility, disintegration and solubility, which pose a challenge to engineering construction. ![]() ![]() Supports multiple storage devices and file systems.Flexible recovery options for different data loss scenarios.Preview before recovery for selective file retrieval.Quick and deep scan options for thorough data recovery.Easy-to-use interface for beginners and advanced users.File recovery for various file types, including documents, photos, videos, etc.In conclusion, EaseUS Data Recovery Wizard Free is a reliable and easy-to-use data recovery software that provides powerful data recovery capabilities, flexible scanning options, preview feature, and cost-effective solutions for users who need to recover lost or deleted files. 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One of the key features of EaseUS Data Recovery Wizard Free is its powerful data recovery capability. With a simple and intuitive interface, this software is suitable for both beginners and experienced users. Thank you so much EaseUS Data Recovery Team. I bought this software it took only few hours and done. WOW This software is too goodSo quick and easy. If you are migrating your data or backing up your system, EaseUS Todo Backup is the software for you. EaseUS Data Recovery Wizard Free is a reliable and user-friendly data recovery software that helps users recover lost or deleted files from various devices such as hard drives, external drives, USB flash drives, memory cards, and more. Unbelievably easy to use and full of just the right features. ![]() If you have angina, it’s likely worse with exertion. Eventually, that main artery tears.Īngina is the medical name for chest pain that’s caused by lack of sufficient blood flow to your heart. ![]() Aortic dissection is caused by uncontrolled high blood pressure, which may weaken the wall of your aorta. You may feel like something inside is tearing. ![]() Chest pain isn’t always a symptom of myocardial infarction.Īortic dissection is an emergency that causes sudden, severe pain in your chest, neck, throat, or jaw. During a heart attack, or myocardial infarction, some people feel chest pain, but others don’t. There are multiple heart conditions and events that can cause chest pain. Not all chest pain is life-threatening, but it can be difficult to know what’s causing it without the care of a highly trained professional. If you feel chest pain, pressure, or tightness, you should seek medical attention. In this post, we discuss three broad categories of reasons for chest pain. With chest pain, the nature of the sensation, the duration, and other factors can point to the cause.Īt Heart & Vascular Institute, our providers have heard all sorts of descriptions of chest pain, and they’re experts in asking the right questions to begin understanding where your pain originates and whether it indicates an emergency. ![]() You can feel discomfort that doesn’t rise to the level of pain, or you may feel pressure that isn’t exactly pain, but isn’t normal either. Read the stories of these amazing heart warriors and their heart disease battles.“Pain” isn’t always a clear description of a sensation.
![]() Using Helicon Focus and focus stacking for the gre. Our crowd-sourced lists contains five apps similar to Helicon Focus for. Using the Fuji X-E1 in place of my Hasselblad to p. The best Helicon Focus alternatives are Enblend/Enfuse, Zerene Stacker and TuFuse. īelt pouch for the Sony RX100 II with EVF finderĬonveying a feeling of fast paced urban life Even with full 16-bit depth it only took a few minutes for each of the sample shown here to be assembled.ĭoes Sony's A7R mean a D800x or D4x will be Nikon'.įirst hands on observations of the Sony A7 A7Rįirst look at the Fuji X-E2 and 23mm f/1.4 lens at.Īutumn at Walden Pond with the Fuji X-E1 and 35mm. Simply load the images you want to combine, press "run" to start the software, and sit back and watch it happen. The procedure in Helicon Focus is very simple. On the upper right is a list of the images being combined with the current one highlighted. Helicon Focus works buy stacking each focus layer with a series of layer masks like the one shown on the bottom of this screen capture. That is because the masking method Photoshop uses for combining its layers is not as specifically geared to isolating areas of sharp focus, as is the Helicon Focus software. The results will probably leave some out of focus areas that you will have to tweak manually. The blending technique is similar to Photoshop's automated panorama assembly process. ![]() The software also includes powerful photo effects, including Highlights, Splashes, Dribbble, Brighter, and Noise reduction. After that step ends, go to Edit->Auto-Blend Layers. Helicon Focus package comes with an exclusive user interface, which allows the user to adjust various aspects of photos, such as exposure, color, red eye, and background. Then select all of them and go to Edit -> Auto-Align Layers. ![]() In Photoshop bring all of your images as new layers stacked on top of one another. With a much longer focal length lens I might have opted for f/8.įocus stacking in Photoshop is a simple process, but the outcome is not nearly as complete as it is using Helicon Focus. I was working with a 50mm macro lens for these still life images and used f/5.6. I find it best to choose an aperture that takes advantage of the sweet spot of the lens. Click here to download a high res version of this image. 6 with a Nikon D800 and combined with focus stacking in Helicon Focus. Heirloom tomatoes with basil, sea salt, and olive oil - a total of 18 separate exposures, each shot at f/5. |
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